Economic Inequality and Social Welfare Policies in Latvia and Lithuania: Assessing the Impact on Vulnerable Populations

Abstract

This study examines economic inequality in Latvia and Lithuania, focusing on the impact of social welfare policies on vulnerable groups in these countries. Motivated by growing concerns over socio-economic disparities in post-Soviet states, the research evaluates the effectiveness of government interventions in reducing these inequalities. The introduction contextualizes the socio-economic conditions of Latvia and Lithuania, stressing the importance of tackling economic inequality. A literature review summarizes previous research on the subject and identifies gaps that this study addresses. The methodology employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from national statistics with qualitative analysis of policy documents and previous studies. The findings highlight significant differences in inequality levels and the varying success of social welfare policies in both countries. The study identifies key vulnerable populations, including the elderly, unemployed, minorities, and low-income families, who are most affected by economic inequality. The discussion compares these findings with prior research and critiques current policies. The study concludes with policy recommendations for improving social welfare measures, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and comprehensive reforms. By offering a comparative analysis, the research provides valuable insights for policymakers, scholars, and social advocates, advocating for tailored policies that address the specific socio-economic contexts of Latvia and Lithuania while promoting equity and social justice.